探析FH-62-C14颗粒物监测仪测量维护要点

本文着重介绍美国赛默飞世尔公司生产的FH-62-C14颗粒物监测仪的测量原理,并针对使用和维护中容易出现的故障,介绍使用及维护方法和要点,并通过经典重量法与FH-62-C14β射线颗粒物监测仪进行测量均值比对,验证了设备维护的效果,为环境监测工作者提供应用及维护方面的参考,以获得更加准确的监测数据。     

Using data mining technology to explore causes of inaccurate reliability data and suggestions for maintenance management

Reliability data reflects equipment safety and provides a reference for setting inspection period, thereby serving as crucial information for the implementation of equipment integrity management policies. The calculation foundation of reliability data is maintenance records of adequate data quality. However, maintenance records of doubtful quality are common. Despite excluding poor quality recodes and using only the remaining maintenance recodes to calculate the reliability data, the calculated results generally lack a sufficient degree of confidence. This study applied data mining technology, including quality metrics, the association rule, and clustering, to explore the cause of low-quality maintenance data. The results revealed that the low data quality of maintenance records was due to ineffective maintenance policies, the low integrity of key system columns, nonadherence to the policy, and misunderstanding of column definitions. The proposed method successfully identified the causes of low-quality maintenance records. By incorporating the method into the function module of a CMMS, operators can equip the system with self-diagnosis, self-supervision, and continuous optimization functions.     

烟气脱硝在连续线监测系统应用探索

脱硝在线连续监测系统与脱硫在线监测系统相比,脱硝装置在电除尘(或布袋除尘)装置之前,而脱硫装置在除尘装置之后。由于安装位置的前移,脱硝CEMS系统运行环境将比脱硫CEMS系统更为恶劣,脱硝装置将面临着高温、高粉尘、高负压等一系列问题。本文结合脱硝装置工况、HJ562-2010和HJ563-2010环保标准提出脱硝CEMS系统对设备的要求以及设备维护难点。     

污水处理在线监测系统探讨

文章主要总结了污水处理在线监测系统的系统构成及其相关监测内容,在国内有必要实行统一的管理标准,对城市污水处理的在线监测系统做建设阶段、运行阶段以及后期使用维护阶段的规划性管理,从而建立起污水处理厂便捷、集中的高效管理系统。     

在线恶臭电子鼻在臭气浓度监测中的应用

主要介绍了在线恶臭电子鼻的原理、优势、缺点以及主要应用。     

Dynamic life cycle costing based on lifetime prediction

Reliable prediction of total product life cycle costs is crucial for the life cycle management of products. These costs are predominantly dictated by the actual operational behaviour of the product's lifetime, and cannot be sufficiently determined through deterministic calculations due to the stochastic and the dynamic nature of the problem. This is specifically true when considering running systems with unknown lifetime and operation parameters. Against this background, the paper presents a dynamic methodology for predicting life cycle costs based on product failure mechanisms, their associated critical lifetime prediction parameters and optional maintenance strategies to enable decision support for product design and use phase strategies.     

紫外有机物分析法在原水在线监测中的应用研究

比较了标准紫外分光光度法和紫外有机物分析法测定紫外吸光度的精密度,确定了紫外有机物分析仪测定的紫外吸光度SAC254值与有机物浓度参数UV254、高锰酸盐指数、TOC和DOC值之间的定量关系。试验结果表明,紫外有机物分析法具有操作、维护简单,无二次污染,实时响应快,精密度高等优点。原水SAC254值与标准方法测定的UV254、高锰酸盐指数、TOC以及DOC值之间都具有良好的相关性,可根据原水SAC254值的变化通过转换得到原水有机污染程度的变化趋势,为水厂工艺运行提供指导。     

Reducing emissions from in-use vehicles: an evaluation of the Phoenix inspection and maintenance program using test results and independent emissions measurements

Various federal regulations require states to evaluate the effectiveness of their vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs in reducing in-use emissions. One method to evaluate program effectiveness is to compare initial and final program test results of individual vehicles. Unscheduled emissions measurements, from remote sensing measurement or roadside pullover testing, can also be used to provide an independent assessment of program effectiveness. We compared emissions reductions from the Arizona IM240 program measured by program data and a large set of remote sensing measurements. Remote sensing measurements indicate smaller emission reductions from the program than those calculated directly from program test results. We discuss some possible causes of the differences obtained from the two sets of measurements.     

高里程出租车的排放控制措施

出租车排放是城市大气污染的重要来源,对高排放出租车加严管理是改善空气质量的有效手段之一.在北京市选取6辆有代表性的高里程汽油出租车,较全面地评估了维护保养、更换三元催化器对出租车油耗和排放的影响,以及三元催化器在更换后的老化情况.研究表明:常规的维护保养可显著改善车辆的燃油经济性,保养后车辆的100 km油耗比原车降低了2%～4%,但对THC和NOx排放的影响很小.原车排放越高,更换三元催化器的减排效果越显著,且更换第一级三元催化器(前三元催化器)和同时更换第一、二级三元催化器(前、后三元催化器)的减排效果差别较小.更换三元催化器后行驶里程约18.5×104 km时,有4辆出租车对CO、THC和NOx的减排比例仍保持在45%、26%和29%的平均水平,说明更换三元催化器后,在约20×104km的行驶里程内对气态污染物能保持较好的减排效果.      

响应突发事件的大型装备应急备件调度模型研究

研究大型装备备件供应网络面临大规模突发事件时的应急备件调度问题。首先采用信息熵理论对应急维修点进行优先度权重排序;其次建立应急响应时间和需求满意度函数,并将量化后的时间满意度和需求满意度以作为模型的目标函数,构建了网络供应状态下应对突发事件的备件调度规划模型;最后以某大型装备企业备件的应急备件调度为例,验证了模型的有效性,给出调度优化方案。